Research Catalog

Details

Description

1. xxi, 401 pages : illustrations; 24 cm

Summary

1. In 73 A.D., legend has it, 960 Jewish rebels under siege in the ancient desert fortress of Masada committed suicide rather than surrender to a Roman legion. Recorded in only one historical source, the story of Masada was obscure for centuries. In The Masada Myth, Israeli sociologist Nachman Ben-Yehuda tracks the process by which Masada became an ideological symbol for the State of Israel, the dramatic subject of movies and mini-series, a shrine venerated by generations of Zionists and Israeli soldiers, and the most profitable tourist attraction in modern Israel. Ben-Yehuda describes how, after nearly 1800 years, the long, complex, and unsubstantiated narrative of a Romanized Jew, Josephus Flavius, was edited and augmented in the twentieth century to form a simple and powerful myth of heroism. Ben-Yehuda looks at the ways this new mythical narrative of Masada was created, promoted, and maintained by pre-state Jewish underground organizations, the Israeli army, archaeological teams, mass media, youth movements, textbooks, the tourist industry, and the arts. He discusses the various organizations and movements that created "the Masada experience" (usually a ritual trek through the Judean desert followed by a climb to the fortress and a dramatic reading of the Masada story), and how it changed over decades from a Zionist pilgrimage to a tourist destination. Placing the story in a larger historical, sociological, and psychological context, Ben-Yehuda draws upon theories of collective memory and myth-making to analyze Masada's crucial role in the nation-building process of modern Israel and the formation of a new Jewish identity. An expert on deviance and social control, Ben-Yehuda looks in particular at how and why a military failure and an enigmatic, troubling case of mass suicide (in conflict with Judaism's teachings) were reconstructed and fabricated as a heroic tale.

Subject

1. Flavius Josèphe (0038?-0100?)
2. 72-73
3. National characteristics, Israeli
4. Heroes > Mythology > Israel
5. Zionism
6. Heroes > Mythology
7. Historiography
8. Influence (Literary, artistic, etc.)
9. National characteristics, Israeli
10. Zionism
11. Geschichtsbewusstsein
12. Geschichtsschreibung
13. Gesellschaft
14. Kollektives Gedächtnis
15. Vergangenheitsbewältigung
16. Masada
17. Nationale identiteit
18. Natievorming
19. Zionisme
20. Mythevorming
21. Zionism > Philosophy
22. Jews > Historiography
23. Caractère national israélien
24. Héros (personnes) > Israël
25. Conscience historique > Israël
26. Sionisme
27. Fortifications > Israël
28. Mémoire collective > Israël
29. Mythologie juive
30. Masada Site (Israel) > Siege, 72-73 > Historiography
31. Masada Site (Israel) > Siege, 72-73 > Influence
32. Israel
33. Israel > Masada Site
34. Masada
35. Israel > Historiography
36. Massada (Israël ; site archéologique) > Siège (72-73) > Influence

Contents

1. Prologue: Masada -- A Chronology -- I. The Puzzle and the Background. 1. Introduction: The Research Puzzle. 2. The Historical Events of Masada. 3. Excavations of Masada -- II. The Masada Mythical Narrative. 4. Shmaria Guttman. 5. Masada and Youth Movements. 6. Masada and the Pre-State Jewish Underground Groups. 7. Masada and the Israeli Army (IDF). 8. Masada in Textbooks. 9. Masada, the Media, and Tourism. 10. Masada in Children's Literature and in Art. 11. The Masada Mythical Narrative -- III. Analysis, Discussion, and Summary. 12. Methodological Framing. 13. Theoretical Interpretation. 14. Summary and a Personal Note -- Appendix: Main Jewish Underground Groups in Palestine, 1920-1948.

Owning institution

1. Princeton University Library

Bibliography (note)

1. Includes bibliographical references (p. 350-374) and index.